Cervical cancer continues to be a significant health threat, especially in developing countries, where it remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women globally, with over 5,000 new cases reported annually.
Understanding HPV and Its Link to Cervical Cancer
The human papillomavirus (HPV), transmitted primarily through sexual contact, is a prevalent infection that affects both men and women. HPV can lead to warts, and if left untreated, certain strains of the virus can progress to cancer over time. Despite the availability of an HPV vaccine that protects against cancer-causing strains, many women remain unaware of this preventive measure due to cultural beliefs, fear, and widespread misconceptions.
Low Screening Rates Among Kenyan Women
Regular cervical cancer screening is essential for early detection and treatment. Health experts recommend that women aged 21–29 undergo screening every three years, while those aged 30–45 should be screened every five years. Screening can identify precancerous cells—abnormal cells that can be treated before they become cancerous.
However, in Kenya, only 17% of women have ever been screened for cervical cancer. This low percentage highlights the urgent need to raise awareness and address barriers to access.
Cervical Cancer in Kenya: The Numbers
The National Cancer Institute of Kenya (NCI-K) reports that cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among Kenyan women, claiming an estimated 3,211 lives annually. According to the HPV Information Center, approximately 16.8 million Kenyan women aged 15 and older are at risk of developing cervical cancer.
Innovative Solutions: Self-Test Kits for HPV
To address the stigma and logistical challenges surrounding cervical cancer screening, self-test kits have been introduced. These kits allow women to collect their samples in the privacy of their homes without visiting a clinic.
Dr. Martin Wafula, CEO of Mama Lucy Kibaki Hospital, emphasized the benefits of these self-collection HPV DNA kits.
“Women find the traditional Pap smear uncomfortable and invasive. These new self-test kits are more accessible, convenient, and less intimidating,” Dr. Wafula explained.
The kits are currently available at Mama Lucy Kibaki Hospital and are expected to make cervical cancer screening more accessible to women in underserved areas.
Empowering Communities Through Health Promoters
To enhance outreach, over 700 Community Health Promoters (CHPs) have been trained to deliver vital health services in communities, particularly in slums and rural areas. These CHPs emphasize early detection, screening, and linking individuals to healthcare services.
“We all have a role to play in ensuring no woman dies of cervical cancer. Early detection and the HPV vaccine are critical strategies to improve women’s health,” said Dr. Wafula.
Call to Action: Prioritize Women’s Health
As the country marks Women’s History Month and approaches International Women’s Day on March 8, health experts are urging women to take advantage of the self-test kits and prioritize early screening. Dr. Wafula concluded, “More than 90% of cervical cancer cases are detected late, making them harder to treat. Let’s advocate for early screening and incorporate the HPV vaccine as part of our national health strategy.”
